What is an AHD?

A Written Set of Instructions

An Advance Healthcare Directive (AHD) is a written set of instructions which outline a person's preferences for end-of-life care in the event that they are no longer able to communicate their wishes.

All 50 states and the District of Columbia have laws outlining a patient's right to have an AHD. Please be aware, however, that each state may have modified definitions.

AHDs are typically comprised of the following two components:

1. Living Will - This document typically authorizes competent adults to express their wishes regarding the use or withholding of life-sustaining procedures, including artificial nutrition and hydration, in the event they are diagnosed with a terminal condition or are in a state of permanent unconsciousness and in the further event that they are incapacitated or otherwise unable to express their desires.
2. Healthcare Power of Attorney - This document typically authorizes competent adults to designate another person to make decisions on their behalf about their medical care in the event they become incapacitated.

Since 1991, the Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA) mandates that all federally funded healthcare institutions educate staff and community members about AHDs and make information about AHDs available to all patients.

A 1995 study by the United States General Accounting Office (Report HEHS-95-135) indicated that only 10% - 25% of Americans had documented their end-of-life choices. The study concluded that AHDs could be used more effectively if there is increased communication with physicians and if AHD's are more readily available.

Through this Web site, MyHealthDirective.com aims to provide information about topics surrounding planning for the future, and to make AHDs more readily available when needed.

While an AHD is an important tool, it is not a substitute for discussion with your family about your final wishes. It is also a good idea to talk with your lawyer and personal physician about matters that will affect the choices you make. For more information on how to talk to others about your AHD, go to the Talk About It section of this Web site.